It is fraud to conceal a fraud.

Explanation

One who knows of a fraud and conceals it becomes a party to the fraud itself — silence in the face of known deceit is active participation.

Where this applies

• My business partner knows about embezzlement in the company and is covering it up.
• A real estate agent knew the seller was lying about the property but didn't tell me.

See also

• 7.2.2 Fraud is odious and is not to be presumed.
• 7.2.8 Once a fraud, always presumed a fraud.