When there is doubt, the accused is to be acquitted.

Explanation

The foundational rule of criminal law — doubt belongs to the accused, and the state bears the full weight of proof.

Where this applies

• There's reasonable doubt about my guilt and I should be acquitted.
• The prosecution hasn't proven their case beyond doubt so I should go free.
• When there's doubt, the accused must be acquitted.

See also

• 12.4.1 In doubtful cases, the more favorable construction is to be preferred.
• 12.4.3 In doubt, the gentler or safer course is to be followed.