Relative words refer to the nearest antecedent, unless it be prevented by the context.

Explanation

When construing a document, relative and qualifying words attach to the nearest preceding antecedent unless the broader context plainly requires a different reference. (Duplicate maxim — see also 8.8.2.)

Where this applies

• A pronoun in the contract could refer to two different parties and we need to figure out which one it modifies.
• The phrase 'such property' in the agreement is ambiguous — it should refer to the nearest item mentioned, not one from paragraphs earlier.
• A relative clause in the statute is being applied to the wrong noun because someone is ignoring the nearest antecedent rule.

See also

• 8.8.2 The antecedent has relation to that which next follows unless thereby the meaning of the sentence would be impaired.