Every interpretation either declares, extends, or restrains.

Explanation

There are only three operations of interpretation: to declare the existing meaning, to extend it to like cases, or to confine it within narrower bounds; no interpretation can do anything beyond these three.

Where this applies

• I need to understand what type of interpretation is being applied — is it declaring, extending, or restricting the law.
• The court can only do three things with a law: say what it means, expand it, or narrow it.
• Any interpretation must fall into one of three categories — there are no other options.